Affordable Solar & Wind

What can I use for circle planet forms for paper mache?

I need to make a solar system project and have posted 2 questions about it already, so, I want to make a paper mache solar system model for an 8th grade project. I can't use a kit and won't use styrofoam balls. I can't use sports balls or something like that because the paper mache planets kind of have to be hollow, so something has to pop, like a baloon, but a balloon is too long and not circular. They also have to be hollow because I am hanging them from string from the top of a box.
Plz Help! : |

**EDITED to clarify and instruction on the wire model***
balloons do come in many different shapes now and you can get ballons that are prefectl round. Check out a party supply store in your area or look at Oriental Trading Company- I don't know if you have time for your project to order them from there but they do have a website and a large variety of different size and shaped balloons.
anothe thing you might consider is beach balls- Oriental Trading Company, some dollar stores, and places like that have beach balls in various sizes- I have seen really small ones- these will be more expensive than balloons but they are perfectly round.

Another option you might consider is making a wire frame- get some lightweight beading wire that will hold its shape well and make a frame- you would want to bend 4 pieces into perfect circles of the same size (actually they will have to stagger slightly in size to fit inside of each other fit them inside of each other - tie at the top and bottom with twine or thread to anchor them open and together and open them until you have a wire 3 dimensional ball- then paper mache around this - you would not be able to take the fram out but it is lightweight and would be hollow and easy to hang from a string. You could actually take the end of one of the wires and make a small loop that would stick out of the top of the finished product and thread your string through that.

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HYGLOSS PRODUCTS INC. HYG59901 STYROFOAM SCIENCE KITS SOLAR SYST $34.41 These Solar System Molecule and DNA Styrofoam science kits are great for teaching or learning while youre crafting. Instructions included with these easytouse craft kits. Packaged in attractive and sturdy plastic cylinder.\n\n Solar System\n Molecule Kit\n DNA Kit\n

Thames amp; Kosmos 555006 Solar Powe Factory New $54.59 Thames Kosmos (TK) was founded in 2001 with the mission of improving informal science education by publishing highquality science and technology related educational products for children of all ages. TK places an emphasis on teaching concepts and skills through handson modeling of realworld devices and processes and by offering comprehensive meaningful reading materials for a rich learning experience. Build your own solarpowered models and discover how solar cells generate electricity from light. Build six solar powered models including a locomotive singleprop plane bulldozer helicopter backhoe and twinrotor helicopter. The special solar panel in this kit consists of three solar cells and generates 1.5 volts of electricity in bright sunlight like a AA battery. A unique cradle holds either the solar panel or the battery allowing you to switch out the solar panel for a AA battery (not included) depending on the strength of sunlight. You can even use the solar panel to charge up your own rechargeable AA batteries. The solar panel is positionable so you can maximize its exposure to the sun to generate the most power. The 24page color instruction book included in this kit gives stepbystep instructions for assembling the six model vehicles. After you have built the suggested models you can design your own solar vehicles. Compete with your friends to see whose solar vehicle runs the fastest. The 177 building pieces included in this set are compatible with those in all Thames Kosmos Construction Series kits Physics Series kits Wind Power and Hydropower kits. Dimensions: 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1

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OWI OWIMSK679 The Solar System Mini Solar Kit $31.14 OWI Inc. is a leading supplier of robotic aluminum bug kits building and solar kits to schools science clubs science education centers and science camps. The kits are available at hobby educational toy and museum stores nationwide. Young astronomers will take delight in OWI s newest Mini Solar Kit as they build paint and watch their very own Solar System come to life with real solar energy. Planets orbit around the solarpaneled sun that drives a motor so the planets actually move. This excellent educational solar kit provides a handson lesson about how solar power drives a motor. The kit comes with six colors of opaque acrylic paint and a brush which makes for the perfect exercise in science and creativity. Detailed instructions manual included. Solar Panel Output: 75mA. Size: 250 diameter x 92 H. Solar Cell Life: 2 years in normal use. Motor: 12 000rpm/1.2V DC. Power Consumption: 30mA. Piece count: 71.

Standard Solar Model $70.1 High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles In chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the entropy content of one mole of substance, under standard conditions (not standard temperature and pressure STP). The standard molar entropy is usually given the symbol S, and the units joules per mole kelvin (J mol 1 K 1). Unlike standard enthalpies of formation, the value of S is an absolute. That is, an element in its standard state has a nonzero value of S at room temperature. The entropy of an element can be 0 J mol 1 K 1 only at 0 K, according to the third law of thermodynamics. However, this presupposes that the material forms a perfect crystal without any frozen in entropy (defects, dislocations), which is never completely true because crystals always grow at a finite temperature. This residual entropy is often quite negligible. Author: Surhone, Lambert M./ Timpledon, Miriam T./ Marseken, Susan F. Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 78 Publication Date: 2010/07/30 Language: English Dimensions: 6.00 x 9.02 x 0.19 inches

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OWI OWIMSK610 6 In 1 Educational Solar Kit Mini Solar Kit $29.25 Mini Solar building kits teach children the benefits of solar energy while they create a toy that is both fun to play with and requires no batteries. Newest member of this popular line is the 6 in 1 Educational Solar Kit an excellent beginner building kit designed to teach how solar power is used to drive a small motor. Children use the 21 snap together parts no tools required to build six different working models including an airboat windmill puppy and two different planes.

Solar $124.99 Solar - Laminated Oversized Art

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Eitech 10073C73 Deluxe Solar Powered Construction Set $162.49 Fly to the skies with the with C73 Eitech s Deluxe Solar Powered Construction Kit. Designed to teach children the basics of solar power each model will work without generators or batteries. Instead it uses a powerful solar panel to encourage environment friendly play. Once built simply place Solar panel directly under sunlight and watch in amazement as it automatically powers up Each kit builds up to three solar powered models. Illustrations and tools are included for easy assembly.

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OWI OWIMSK613 3 in 1 Solar Stallion $31.92 OWI Inc. is a leading supplier of robotic aluminum bug kits building and solar kits to schools science clubs science education centers and science camps. The kits are available at hobby educational toy and museum stores nationwide. For the horse loves Triple your fun in the sun with 3in1 Solar Stallion. This solarpowered science kit helps kids understand the benefits of renewable energy while creating their own fun batteryfree toy. It s exciting to watch solar energy make the product come to life and this handon approach to science and building creates a tangible lesson in solar energy for girls and boys alike. Young horse lovers will especially enjoy assembling and reassembling these easytobuild equine choices: Horse Trainer Pegasus or Chariot. Solar Panel Output: 100mA. Solar Cell Life: 2 years in normal use. Motor: DC Power . Consumption: 40mA. Tool needed: Screw driver. Piece count: 104. For ages: 9 and up. Size (L x W x H / mm):. Pegasus: 172 x 96 x 235. Chariot: 196 x 75 x 121. Horse Trainer: 206 x 52 x 104.

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Thames Kosmos 555007 Solar Power PLUS $105.28 Thames Kosmos (TK) was founded in 2001 with the mission of improving informal science education by publishing highquality science and technology related educational products for children of all ages. TK places an emphasis on teaching concepts and skills through handson modeling of realworld devices and processes and by offering comprehensive meaningful reading materials for a rich learning experience. Build your own solarpowered creations and discover how solar cells generate electricity. Assemble 22 models including a scooter locomotive forklift road roller cement mixer solarwind sail car crane amphibious boat motorcycle beach buggy race car sidecar motorcycle trailer elevator oil tanker maintenance car solar car with clutch street sweeper backhoe helicopter twinprop airplane and cable car. The two special solar panels in this kit each consist of three solar cells. When linked together in series they generate up to 3.0 volts of electricity in bright sunlight like two AA batteries. Two unique cradles hold either the solar panels or batteries allowing you to switch out the solar panels for two AA batteries (not included) depending on the strength of sunlight. You can even use the solar panel to charge up your own rechargeable AA batteries. The solar panels are positionable so you can maximize their exposure to the sun to generate the most power. Power the models you build with the solar panels outside on sunny days or indoors under a highwattage incandescent light bulb. Power your models anytime with AA batteries or even a combination of AA battery and solar panel. The 48page color instruction book included in this kit gives stepbystep instructions for assembling the 22 models. This kit teaches basic concepts in solar energy photovoltaics and circuits as well as problem solving skills and creative thinking. The 265 building pieces included in this set are compatible with those in all Thames Kosmos Construction Series kits Physics Series kits Wind

NonUniformities in ThinFilm Solar Cells and Modules $157.72 Thinfilm PV technology due to its fast production line, large area panels and low material usage, is one of the most promising lowcost technologies. Due to their granular structure, thinfilm solar cells are inherently nonuniform. Fluctuations inevitably occur during the multistep deposition process of large area thinfilm solar panels and specific manufacturing procedures. Furthermore, non uniformities can become more severe, or increase in size during the solarpanels life cycle. Non uniformities reduce the overall efficiency of solar cells and modules, and their effects therefore need to be well understood. This manuscript focuses on the analysis of the effect of nonuniformities on small size solar cells and modules with the help of numerical simulations. Even though the 2D model developed here can analyze the effect of nonuniformities of any nature, only two specific types of microscopic nonuniformities were addressed here: shunts and weakdiodes. One type of macroscopic nonuniformity, partial shading, was also addressed. The circuit model developed here is a network of diodes, currentsources, and transparentconductiveoxide resistors. Author: Koishiyev, Galymzhan Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 168 Publication Date: 2011/04/27 Language: French Dimensions: 9.02 x 5.98 x 0.39 inches

Eitech 10133C133 Solar Gear Set $71.49 Try supplementing Eitech accessory packs to any Eitech model for added fun Interchange a variety of spare parts motors and solar panels to make Classic and Exclusive sets even more exciting. Need more action for your Eitech models? Supplement sets do just that. Each accessory creates lights action and more fun. Engineer new parts with the parts you already have with supplements to create lights and action. Ultimate transmission 1:81. Supplement solar gear set. Illustrated building instructions. Designed engineered and manufactured in Germany.

OWI OWIMSK614 T3 Transforming Solar Robot $31.92 OWI Inc. is a leading supplier of robotic aluminum bug kits building and solar kits to schools science clubs science education centers and science camps. The kits are available at hobby educational toy and museum stores nationwide. Late nights and too much coffee have inspired OWI s geek squad (designers) to unleash their cranial creativity in the form of a multifunctional transforming solar robot kit. T3 is an intelligent mobile kit that requires no fossil fuel no batteries. Its animated movements are activated by nature s gift of sunshine. T3 easily transforms into three intergalactic designs: Tank Robot and Scorpion. Easy instructions and basic building skills are that's needed for young science fiction buffs to see the benefits of solar energy before their very eyes. Ecofriendly and transforming friendly...Oh yeah... T3 . Solar Panel Output: 75mA. Solar Cell Life: 2 yrs in normal use. Motor: DC. Power Consumption: 30mA. Tool needed: diagonal cutter screwdriver. Piece count: 70. Size (L x W x H / mm):. Robot: 71 x 82 x 117. Scorpion: 114 x 94 x 82. Tank: 100 x 78 x 54.

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